International Day for Biological Diversity

From the smallest bacteria to the grandest ecosystems, biodiversity is a lifeline for all living things, providing essentials like food, water, and medicine. It's also a natural defense against climate change .  

 Reduce pollution risks and the negative impact of pollution from all sources by 2030 , to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services , considering cumulative effects, including:  (a) by reducing excess nutrients lost to the environment by at least half , including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use;  (b) by reducing the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half , including through integrated pest management, based on science, taking into account food security and livelihoods; and  (c) by preventing, reducing, and working towards eliminating plastic pollution.

 Eliminate, minimize, reduce and or mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity and ecosystem services by identifying and managing pathways of the introduction of alien species , preventing the introduction and establishment of priority invasive alien species , reducing the rates of introduction and establishment of other known or potential invasive alien species by at least 50% by 2030, and eradicating or controlling invasive alien species , especially in priority sites, such as islands.

 Ensure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal , preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spillover , applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.

 Ensure urgent management actions to halt human induced extinction of known threatened species and for the recovery and conservation of species , in particular threatened species, to significantly reduce extinction risk, as well as to maintain and restore the genetic diversity within and between populations of native, wild and domesticated species to maintain their adaptive potential, including through in situ and ex situ conservation and sustainable management practices , and effectively manage human-wildlife interactions to minimize human-wildlife conflict for coexistence.

  Ensure gender equality in the implementation of the Framework through a gender-responsive approach , where all women and girls have equal opportunity and capacity to contribute to the three objectives of the Convention, including by recognizing their equal rights and access to land and natural resources and their full, equitable, meaningful and informed participatio

  To meet the ambitious objectives of biodiversity and climate conventions , the international community requires clarity on how these objectives can be operationalized spatially and how multiple targets can be pursued concurrently. To support goal setting and the implementation of international strategies and action plans, spatial guidance is needed to identify which land areas have the potential to generate the greatest synergies between conserving biodiversity and nature’s contributions to peopl e. Here we present results from a joint optimization that minimizes the number of threatened species, maximizes carbon retention and water quality regulation, and ranks terrestrial conservation priorities globally. We found that selecting the top-ranked 30% and 50% of terrestrial land area would conserve respectively 60.7% and 85.3% of the estimated total carbon stock and 66% and 89.8% of all clean water, in addition to meeting conservation targets for 57.9% and 79% of all species consid...